{"id":7350,"date":"2023-04-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-06T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/podrobny-pruvodce-nastavenim-sdileni-smb-a-nfs-v-ubuntu\/"},"modified":"2023-04-06T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-04-06T00:00:00","slug":"podrobny-pruvodce-nastavenim-sdileni-smb-a-nfs-v-ubuntu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/podrobny-pruvodce-nastavenim-sdileni-smb-a-nfs-v-ubuntu\/","title":{"rendered":"Podrobn\u00fd pr\u016fvodce nastaven\u00edm sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB a NFS v Ubuntu"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"articlecontent\">\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> \u00davod do sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB a NFS <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB a NFS jsou dva obl\u00edben\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby sd\u00edlen\u00ed soubor\u016f v s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. SMB je zkratka pro Server Message Block, co\u017e je protokol pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed soubor\u016f, tisk\u00e1ren a dal\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f v s\u00edti. NFS je zkratka pro Network File System, co\u017e je protokol pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch souborov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f v s\u00edti. Oba protokoly jsou \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny v syst\u00e9mu Linux a syst\u00e9mech podobn\u00fdch Unixu, v\u010detn\u011b Ubuntu. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na to, jak nastavit sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB a NFS v Ubuntu, jak k nim p\u0159istupovat a jak \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my a optimalizovat je pro lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Nastaven\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB v Ubuntu <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Nastaven\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB v Ubuntu je jednoduch\u00fd proces. Prvn\u00edm krokem je instalace bal\u00ed\u010dku Samba do syst\u00e9mu. To lze prov\u00e9st pomoc\u00ed spr\u00e1vce bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f apt. Po instalaci bal\u00ed\u010dku m\u016f\u017eete nakonfigurovat server Samba \u00fapravou souboru \/etc\/samba\/smb.conf. Tento soubor obsahuje v\u0161echna nastaven\u00ed serveru Samba, nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1zvy sd\u00edlen\u00fdch slo\u017eek, opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed nastaven\u00ed. Po dokon\u010den\u00ed konfigurace m\u016f\u017eete spustit server Samba p\u0159\u00edkazem service smbd start. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Konfigurace sd\u00edlen\u00ed NFS v Ubuntu <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Konfigurace sd\u00edlen\u00ed NFS v Ubuntu je podobn\u00e1 konfiguraci sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB. Prvn\u00edm krokem je instalace bal\u00ed\u010dku NFS do syst\u00e9mu. To lze prov\u00e9st pomoc\u00ed spr\u00e1vce bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f apt. Po instalaci bal\u00ed\u010dku m\u016f\u017eete nakonfigurovat server NFS \u00fapravou souboru \/etc\/exports. Tento soubor obsahuje v\u0161echna nastaven\u00ed serveru NFS, nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1zev sd\u00edlen\u00e9 slo\u017eky, p\u0159\u00edpojn\u00fd bod, opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed nastaven\u00ed. Po dokon\u010den\u00ed konfigurace m\u016f\u017eete server NFS spustit p\u0159\u00edkazem service nfs-kernel-server start. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> P\u0159\u00edstup ke sd\u00edlen\u00fdm slo\u017ek\u00e1m SMB v Ubuntu <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Po nastaven\u00ed a konfiguraci sd\u00edlen\u00fdch slo\u017eek SMB k nim m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159istupovat z jin\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f v s\u00edti. P\u0159\u00edstup ke sd\u00edlen\u00fdm slo\u017ek\u00e1m SMB z Ubuntu je snadn\u00fd. Sta\u010d\u00ed otev\u0159\u00edt spr\u00e1vce soubor\u016f, kliknout na ikonu S\u00ed\u0165 a zobraz\u00ed se seznam sd\u00edlen\u00fdch polo\u017eek SMB v s\u00edti. Pot\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete dvakr\u00e1t kliknout na kteroukoli ze sd\u00edlen\u00fdch slo\u017eek a otev\u0159\u00edt ji. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> P\u0159\u00edstup ke sd\u00edlen\u00fdm slo\u017ek\u00e1m NFS v Ubuntu <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> P\u0159\u00edstup ke sd\u00edlen\u00fdm slo\u017ek\u00e1m NFS je podobn\u00fd jako p\u0159\u00edstup ke sd\u00edlen\u00fdm slo\u017ek\u00e1m SMB. Sta\u010d\u00ed otev\u0159\u00edt spr\u00e1vce soubor\u016f, kliknout na ikonu S\u00ed\u0165 a zobraz\u00ed se seznam sd\u00edlen\u00fdch soubor\u016f NFS v s\u00edti. Pot\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete dvakr\u00e1t kliknout na kteroukoli ze sd\u00edlen\u00fdch slo\u017eek a otev\u0159\u00edt ji. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f se sd\u00edlen\u00fdmi soubory SMB a NFS v Ubuntu <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> P\u0159i pokusu o p\u0159\u00edstup ke sd\u00edlen\u00fdm soubor\u016fm SMB nebo NFS v Ubuntu mohou u\u017eivatel\u00e9 n\u011bkdy narazit na chyby. Chcete-li tyto chyby vy\u0159e\u0161it, m\u016f\u017eete zkontrolovat protokoly Samba a NFS, zda neobsahuj\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9 chyby nebo varov\u00e1n\u00ed. Protokoly jsou um\u00edst\u011bny v adres\u00e1\u0159i \/var\/log. Pokud se v\u00e1m st\u00e1le neda\u0159\u00ed z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup ke sd\u00edlen\u00fdm polo\u017ek\u00e1m, m\u016f\u017eete restartovat slu\u017eby Samba a NFS. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed aspekty sd\u00edlen\u00fdch soubor\u016f SMB a NFS v Ubuntu <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> P\u0159i nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00fdch soubor\u016f SMB a NFS v Ubuntu je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 br\u00e1t ohled na jejich zabezpe\u010den\u00ed. Abyste zajistili bezpe\u010dnost sd\u00edlen\u00fdch polo\u017eek, m\u011bli byste nastavit seznamy \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu (ACL), kter\u00e9 omez\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ke sd\u00edlen\u00fdm polo\u017ek\u00e1m. Ve sd\u00edlen\u00fdch slo\u017ek\u00e1ch byste tak\u00e9 m\u011bli povolit \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed, abyste ochr\u00e1nili data p\u0159ed zachycen\u00edm. <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Optimalizace v\u00fdkonu sd\u00edlen\u00fdch soubor\u016f SMB a NFS v Ubuntu <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> V\u00fdkon sd\u00edlen\u00fdch soubor\u016f SMB a NFS lze zlep\u0161it optimalizac\u00ed nastaven\u00ed server\u016f Samba a NFS. Nastaven\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete optimalizovat zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm velikosti mezipam\u011bti, zak\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00edm nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb a \u00fapravou nastaven\u00ed \u010dten\u00ed\/z\u00e1pisu. Pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdkonu m\u016f\u017eete tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt rychlej\u0161\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fd protokol, nap\u0159\u00edklad gigabitov\u00fd Ethernet.  <\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"questions\">\n<div class=\"questionstitle\">FAQ<\/div>\n<div class=\"question\">\n<div class=\"qtitle\"> Jak p\u0159istupovat ke sd\u00edlen\u00e9 slo\u017ece SMB z Ubuntu?<\/div>\n<p> Chcete-li p\u0159istupovat ke sd\u00edlen\u00e9 slo\u017ece SMB z Ubuntu, mus\u00edte nainstalovat bal\u00ed\u010dek klienta Samba. To lze prov\u00e9st pomoc\u00ed spr\u00e1vce bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f apt. Po instalaci bal\u00ed\u010dku se m\u016f\u017eete ke sd\u00edlen\u00e9 slo\u017ece SMB p\u0159ipojit pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu smbclient.  <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"question\">\n<div class=\"qtitle\"> Jak p\u0159ipojit server NFS v Ubuntu?<\/div>\n<p> Chcete-li p\u0159ipojit server NFS v Ubuntu, mus\u00edte nainstalovat bal\u00ed\u010dek klienta NFS. To lze prov\u00e9st spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkazu: <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> sudo apt-get install nfs-client <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Po instalaci bal\u00ed\u010dku m\u016f\u017eete server NFS p\u0159ipojit spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkazu: <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> sudo mount -t nfs :  <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud chcete p\u0159ipojit server NFS na adrese 192.168.1.100 a export je \/export\/share, spust\u00edte n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz: <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> sudo mount -t nfs 192.168.1.100:\/export\/share \/mnt\/nfs <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"question\">\n<div class=\"qtitle\"> Jak p\u0159ipojit sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB Linux?<\/div>\n<p> Existuje n\u011bkolik r\u016fzn\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f p\u0159ipojen\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00e9 slo\u017eky SMB v Linuxu. Nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem je pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu mount s parametrem -t cifs. Pokud byste nap\u0159\u00edklad cht\u011bli p\u0159ipojit sd\u00edlen\u00e9 m\u00edsto SMB ze serveru s n\u00e1zvem &#8222;myserver&#8220; do adres\u00e1\u0159e \/mnt\/share, pou\u017eili byste n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz: <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> mount -t cifs \/\/myserver\/share \/mnt\/share <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> Dal\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem p\u0159ipojen\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00e9 slo\u017eky SMB v syst\u00e9mu Linux je pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu smbclient. Pokud byste nap\u0159\u00edklad cht\u011bli p\u0159ipojit sd\u00edlen\u00e9 m\u00edsto SMB ze serveru s n\u00e1zvem &#8222;myserver&#8220; do adres\u00e1\u0159e \/mnt\/share, pou\u017eili byste n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz: <\/p>\n<div class=\"newlinediv\"><\/div>\n<p> smbclient \/\/myserver\/share \/mnt\/share<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00davod do sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB a NFS Sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB a NFS jsou dva obl\u00edben\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby sd\u00edlen\u00ed soubor\u016f v s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. SMB je zkratka pro Server Message Block, co\u017e je protokol pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed soubor\u016f, tisk\u00e1ren a dal\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f v s\u00edti. NFS je zkratka pro Network File System, co\u017e je protokol pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch souborov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f v s\u00edti. &#8230; <a title=\"Podrobn\u00fd pr\u016fvodce nastaven\u00edm sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB a NFS v Ubuntu\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/podrobny-pruvodce-nastavenim-sdileni-smb-a-nfs-v-ubuntu\/\" aria-label=\"\u010c\u00edst v\u00edce o Podrobn\u00fd pr\u016fvodce nastaven\u00edm sd\u00edlen\u00ed SMB a NFS v Ubuntu\">\u010c\u00edst d\u00e1l<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1576,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-podnikatelske-a-pracovni-predpisy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1576"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7350"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7350\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7350"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7350"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}