{"id":18468,"date":"2023-04-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-06T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/komplexni-pruvodce-pouzivanim-jazyka-applescript-ke-spousteni-programu\/"},"modified":"2023-04-06T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-04-06T00:00:00","slug":"komplexni-pruvodce-pouzivanim-jazyka-applescript-ke-spousteni-programu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/komplexni-pruvodce-pouzivanim-jazyka-applescript-ke-spousteni-programu\/","title":{"rendered":"Komplexn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm jazyka AppleScript ke spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed program\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
<\/div>\n

AppleScript je v\u00fdkonn\u00fd skriptovac\u00ed jazyk, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159edstaven v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed a nyn\u00ed je \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n na po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u00edch Mac a dal\u0161\u00edch produktech Apple. M\u00e1 \u0159adu vyu\u017eit\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b automatizace \u00faloh, psan\u00ed skript\u016f pro ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed aplikac\u00ed a spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed program\u016f. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00e1m vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak pou\u017e\u00edvat AppleScript ke spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed program\u016f, abyste p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de Mac u\u0161et\u0159ili \u010das a n\u00e1mahu. <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
Pochopen\u00ed z\u00e1klad\u016f jazyka AppleScript<\/div>\n

Ne\u017e za\u010dnete jazyk AppleScript pou\u017e\u00edvat ke spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed program\u016f, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pochopit z\u00e1klady tohoto jazyka. AppleScript je skriptovac\u00ed jazyk, kter\u00fd k ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed aplikac\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edkazy a povely. Jazyk se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f, prom\u011bnn\u00fdch a funkc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 lze kombinovat a vytv\u00e1\u0159et tak slo\u017eit\u00e9 skripty. Skripty jazyka AppleScript jsou naps\u00e1ny v jazyce podobn\u00e9m angli\u010dtin\u011b, tak\u017ee se snadno u\u010d\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed. <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed skriptu AppleScript<\/div>\n

Jakmile z\u00edsk\u00e1te z\u00e1kladn\u00ed znalosti jazyka AppleScript, m\u016f\u017eete za\u010d\u00edt vytv\u00e1\u0159et skript pro spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed program\u016f. K vytvo\u0159en\u00ed skriptu AppleScript budete muset pou\u017e\u00edt textov\u00fd editor, nap\u0159\u00edklad TextEdit nebo BBEdit. P\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed skriptu mus\u00edte zahrnout pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edkazy a funkce pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed programu a tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed k\u00f3d, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nutn\u00fd pro p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed skriptu. <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
Testov\u00e1n\u00ed a lad\u011bn\u00ed skriptu AppleScript<\/div>\n

Po naps\u00e1n\u00ed skriptu AppleScript je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jej p\u0159ed pou\u017eit\u00edm otestovat a odladit. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed skriptu zahrnuje jeho spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v testovac\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed a ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, zda funguje podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Lad\u011bn\u00ed zahrnuje identifikaci a opravu p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdch chyb nebo probl\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 se ve skriptu mohou vyskytnout. <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
Spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed aplikac\u00ed pomoc\u00ed jazyka AppleScript<\/div>\n

Po otestov\u00e1n\u00ed a odlad\u011bn\u00ed skriptu jej m\u016f\u017eete za\u010d\u00edt pou\u017e\u00edvat ke spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed aplikac\u00ed. Chcete-li spustit aplikaci pomoc\u00ed jazyka AppleScript, mus\u00edte pou\u017e\u00edt p\u0159\u00edkaz „launch“. Tento p\u0159\u00edkaz vy\u017eaduje zad\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed cesty k aplikaci a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed volby nebo argumenty, kter\u00e9 chcete uv\u00e9st. <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed prom\u011bnn\u00fdch a parametr\u016f<\/div>\n

Krom\u011b p\u0159\u00edkazu „launch“ umo\u017e\u0148uje jazyk AppleScript pou\u017e\u00edvat tak\u00e9 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 a parametry, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsobit spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed aplikace. Prom\u011bnn\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159i\u0159adit prom\u011bnn\u00e9 hodnotu, kterou pak m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt ve skriptu. Parametry slou\u017e\u00ed k zad\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed nebo argument\u016f pro aplikaci. <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
Pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed skript\u016f AppleScript<\/div>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed u\u017eite\u010dnou funkc\u00ed jazyka AppleScript je mo\u017enost pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed skript\u016f. To lze prov\u00e9st pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu „schedule“, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje ur\u010dit, kdy se m\u00e1 skript spustit. To umo\u017e\u0148uje automatizovat \u00falohy, nap\u0159\u00edklad spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed aplikace v ur\u010ditou dobu. <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
Pou\u017eit\u00ed jazyka AppleScript s jin\u00fdmi aplikacemi<\/div>\n

AppleScript lze pou\u017e\u00edt i k ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad webov\u00fdch prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d\u016f, p\u0159ehr\u00e1va\u010d\u016f m\u00e9di\u00ed a dokonce i extern\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. To lze prov\u00e9st pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu „tell“, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje odes\u00edlat p\u0159\u00edkazy jin\u00fdm aplikac\u00edm. To je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 funkce, pokud pot\u0159ebujete ovl\u00e1dat v\u00edce aplikac\u00ed najednou. <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/div>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011brem: AppleScript je v\u00fdkonn\u00fd skriptovac\u00ed jazyk, kter\u00fd lze pou\u017e\u00edt k automatizaci \u00faloh a spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed program\u016f. Kdy\u017e se nau\u010d\u00edte z\u00e1klady jazyka AppleScript a pochop\u00edte, jak skripty vytv\u00e1\u0159et, m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de Mac u\u0161et\u0159it \u010das a n\u00e1mahu. S n\u00e1stroji a technikami popsan\u00fdmi v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku byste nem\u011bli m\u00edt probl\u00e9my s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm jazyka AppleScript ke spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed program\u016f. <\/p><\/div>\n

\n
FAQ<\/div>\n
\n
Jak spust\u00edm termin\u00e1l v jazyce AppleScript?<\/div>\n

Chcete-li v jazyce AppleScript spustit termin\u00e1l, mus\u00edte pou\u017e\u00edt p\u0159\u00edkaz „do shell script“. Tento p\u0159\u00edkaz v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed spou\u0161t\u011bt UNIXov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edkazy a skripty v programu AppleScript. Chcete-li nap\u0159\u00edklad otev\u0159\u00edt nov\u00e9 okno termin\u00e1lu a spustit p\u0159\u00edkaz „ls“, pou\u017eijte n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed k\u00f3d: <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

do shell script „ls“ <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

P\u0159\u00edkaz „do shell script“ m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt tak\u00e9 ke spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f a skript\u016f. Chcete-li nap\u0159\u00edklad otev\u0159\u00edt nov\u00e9 okno termin\u00e1lu a spustit p\u0159\u00edkaz „top“, pou\u017eijte n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed k\u00f3d: <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

do shell script „top“ <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

P\u0159\u00edkaz „do shell script“ m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt tak\u00e9 ke spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f a skript\u016f na pozad\u00ed. K tomu je t\u0159eba pou\u017e\u00edt znak „&“ na konci p\u0159\u00edkazu. Chcete-li nap\u0159\u00edklad otev\u0159\u00edt nov\u00e9 okno termin\u00e1lu a spustit p\u0159\u00edkaz „top“ na pozad\u00ed, pou\u017eijte n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed k\u00f3d: <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

do shell script „top &“ <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Jak zajist\u00edm, aby se AppleScript spou\u0161t\u011bl automaticky?<\/div>\n

Existuje n\u011bkolik r\u016fzn\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak zajistit automatick\u00e9 spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jazyka AppleScript. Jedn\u00edm ze zp\u016fsob\u016f je pou\u017eit\u00ed aplikace Automator, kter\u00e1 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de Mac. Tato aplikace umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159et „pracovn\u00ed postupy“, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt spu\u0161t\u011bny r\u016fzn\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm souboru do slo\u017eky nebo spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm aplikace. Dal\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak zajistit automatick\u00e9 spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed AppleScriptu, je pou\u017eit\u00ed syst\u00e9mu „Launchd“. Jedn\u00e1 se o pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed metodu, kter\u00e1 v\u0161ak umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00edru kontroly nad t\u00edm, kdy a jak jsou AppleScripty spou\u0161t\u011bny. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Apple st\u00e1le AppleScript?<\/div>\n

Ano, spole\u010dnost AppleScript st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1. AppleScript se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k automatizaci \u00faloh na po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u00edch Mac a lze jej pou\u017e\u00edt k ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed. AppleScript je v\u00fdkonn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj a spole\u010dnost Apple jej st\u00e1le aktivn\u011b vyv\u00edj\u00ed. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Zanikne AppleScript?<\/div>\n

AppleScript nezmiz\u00ed. St\u00e1le je ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9mu Apple a mnoho profesion\u00e1l\u016f jej pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k automatizaci \u00faloh a pracovn\u00edch postup\u016f. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Nahrad\u00ed Swift AppleScript?<\/div>\n

Ne, Swift nenahrazuje AppleScript. Jsou to dva r\u016fzn\u00e9 programovac\u00ed jazyky ur\u010den\u00e9 pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Swift je nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jazyk vytvo\u0159en\u00fd spole\u010dnost\u00ed Apple Inc. speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro v\u00fdvoj aplikac\u00ed pro iOS a macOS, zat\u00edmco AppleScript je star\u0161\u00ed skriptovac\u00ed jazyk, kter\u00fd lze pou\u017e\u00edt k automatizaci \u00faloh v syst\u00e9mu macOS.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

AppleScript je v\u00fdkonn\u00fd skriptovac\u00ed jazyk, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159edstaven v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed a nyn\u00ed je \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n na po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u00edch Mac a dal\u0161\u00edch produktech Apple. M\u00e1 \u0159adu vyu\u017eit\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b automatizace \u00faloh, psan\u00ed skript\u016f pro ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed aplikac\u00ed a spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed program\u016f. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00e1m vysv\u011btl\u00edme, jak pou\u017e\u00edvat AppleScript ke spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed program\u016f, abyste p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de Mac … \u010c\u00edst d\u00e1l<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2496,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18468","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zalozeni-nove-firmy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18468","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2496"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18468"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18468\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18468"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18468"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soubory.info\/znalost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18468"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}